Ful Medames is the national dish of Sudan and a cornerstone of Sudanese breakfast culture. The dish is made primarily from fava beans, slowly cooked and seasoned with olive oil, cumin, lemon juice, and spices, then commonly topped with boiled eggs and fresh vegetables.
Although Ful Medames is believed to have originated in Egypt, it became deeply rooted in Sudanese daily life and culinary tradition. Its high nutritional value, affordability, and ability to sustain energy made it especially important in regions where simple, filling meals were essential.
In Sudan, Ful Medames holds particular significance during the holy month of Ramadan. It is often prepared in large quantities and eaten before sunrise as suhoor, providing long-lasting energy for daytime fasting. Traditionally, dried fava beans were simmered overnight, though modern versions frequently use canned beans for convenience.
Served with flatbreads such as pita or chapatti, Ful Medames represents nourishment, tradition, and communal eating. Its simplicity and adaptability have ensured its lasting role as a national dish and a daily staple across Sudanese households.
